Ideas from 'Metaphysics: contemporary introduction' by Michael J. Loux [1998], by Theme Structure

[found in 'Metaphysics: a contemporary introduction' by Loux,Michael J. [Routledge 2000,0-415-14034-x]].

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8. Modes of Existence / B. Properties / 13. Tropes / b. Critique of tropes

4483	If abstract terms are sets of tropes, 'being a unicorn' and 'being a griffin' turn out identical

8. Modes of Existence / D. Universals / 1. Universals

4481	Austere nominalists insist that the realist's universals lack the requisite independent identifiability

4477	Universals come in hierarchies of generality

8. Modes of Existence / E. Nominalism / 1. Nominalism / a. Nominalism

4482	Austere nominalism has to take a host of things (like being red, or human) as primitive

8. Modes of Existence / E. Nominalism / 1. Nominalism / c. Nominalism about abstracta

4478	Nominalism needs to account for abstract singular terms like 'circularity'.

9. Objects / A. Existence of Objects / 5. Individuation / c. Individuation by location

4480	Times and places are identified by objects, so cannot be used in a theory of object-identity